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GENTAUR Europe BVBA Voortstraat 49, 1910 Kampenhout BELGIUM Tel 0032 16 58 90 45 Fax 0032 16 50 90 45 This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.">This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
GENTAUR BULGARIA
53 Iskar Str. 1191 Kokalyane, Sofia
Tel 0035924682280
Fax 0035929830072
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GENTAUR France SARL
9, rue Lagrange, 75005 Paris
Tel 01 43 25 01 50
Fax 01 43 25 01 60
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GmbH Marienbongard 20
52062 Aachen Deutschland
Tel (+49) 0241 56 00 99 68
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GENTAUR Ltd.
Howard Frank Turnberry House
1404-1410 High Road
Whetstone London N20 9BH
Tel 020 3393 8531
Fax 020 8445 9411
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GENTAUR Poland Sp. z o.o.
ul. Grunwaldzka 88/A m.2
81-771 Sopot, Poland
Tel 058 710 33 44
Fax 058 710 33 48
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GENTAUR Nederland BV
Kuiper 1
5521 DG Eersel Nederland
Tel 0208-080893
Fax 0497-517897
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GENTAUR SRL IVA IT03841300167
Piazza Giacomo Matteotti, 6, 24122 Bergamo
Tel 02 36 00 65 93
Fax 02 36 00 65 94
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GENTAUR Spain
Tel 0911876558
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Genprice Inc, Logistics
547, Yurok Circle
San Jose, CA 95123
Phone/Fax:
(408) 780-0908
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GENPRICE Inc. invoicing/ accounting:
6017 Snell Ave, Suite 357
San Jose, CA. 96123
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Eating itself of cancer cells as a new type of treatment
Incitement of tumor cells devours itself would probably be one of the best decision on the treatment of large numbers of tumor diseases.
In a new study, researchers found that a combination of certain medications can cause the cancer cells to "cannibalism", without damaging healthy tissue. This type of treatment has demonstrated efficacy in tumors in the colon, liver, lung, breast, brain and kidneys.
Researchers are trying to determine whether co-administration of drugs sorafenib and regorafenib can be combined with so-called PI3K/AKT inhibitors to achieve better effect.
Andrew Poklepovic who is co-author of this work, says that despite the need for further research, the results so far are promising. Scientists are encouraged by the fact that the drugs used have already been approved by the FDA to treat certain types of tumors or are currently undergoing trials and pending approval.
The medicaments sorafenib and regorafenib influence the growth of tumor cells by blocking the release of enzymes - kinases that play a decisive role in the spread of cancer cells.
Newfound combination drugs enhances this effect, as it adds a new class of kinases inhobitori - PI3K/AKT inhibitors. Thus, many of the tumor cells "starve", limiting tumor growth.
QuantiChrom™ Acetylcholinesterase Assay Kit
For quantitative determination of acetylcholinesterase activity and evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Method: OD412nm.
Samples: blood, serum, plasma etc.
Species: all.
Procedure: 10 min.
Size: 100 tests.
Detection limit: 10 U/L.
DESCRIPTION
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE (EC 3.1.1.7, AChE), also known as RBC
cholinesterase, is found primarily in the blood and neural synapses.
Low serum cholinesterase activity may relate to exposure to
insecticides or to one of a number of variant genotypes. AChE
catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into
choline and acetic acid, a reaction necessary to allow a cholinergic
neuron to return to its resting state after activation. Cholinesterase
levels of cells and plasma are used as a guide in establishing safety
precautions relative to exposure and contact, as well as a guide in
determining the need for workers to be removed from areas of contact
with the organic phosphate insecticides.
Simple, direct and automation-ready procedures for measuring AChE
activity are very desirable. BioAssay Systems' QuantiChromTM
Acetylcholinesterase Assay is based on an improved Ellman method,
in which thiocholine produced by the action of acetylcholinesterase
forms a yellow color with 5,5’-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). The
intensity of the product color, measured at 412 nm, is proportionate to
the enzyme activity in the sample.
APPLICATIONS
Direct assays of acetylcholinesterase activity in blood, serum, plasma,
and other biological samples. Evaluation of acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors.
KEY FEATURES
Sensitive and accurate. Detection range 10 to 600 U/L AChE activity
in 96-well plate assay.
Convenient. The procedure involves adding a single working reagent,
and reading the optical density at 2 min and 10 min at room
temperature.
High-throughput. Can be readily automated as a high-throughput 96-
well plate assay for thousands of samples per day.
KIT CONTENTS
(100 tests in 96-well plates)
Assay Buffer (pH 7.5): 30 mL Reagent: 240 mg
Calibrator: 4 mL (equivalent to 200 U/L)
Storage conditions. The kit is shipped at room temperature. Store all
reagents at room temperature. Shelf life: 6 months after receipt.
Precautions: reagents are for research use only. Normal precautions
for laboratory reagents should be exercised while using the reagents.
MATERIALS REQUIRED, BUT NOT PROVIDED
Pipeting (multi-channel) devices. Clear-bottom 96-well plates (e.g.
Corning Costar) and plate reader.
Sample Type: cerebral cortical tissues
Species: rat
References: Basselin, M et al (2009). Acute but not chronic donepezil increases muscarinic receptor-mediated signaling via arachidonic acid in unanesthetized rats. J Alzheimers Dis. 17(2):369-82
Pubmed ID: 19363262
Pubmed link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=19363262
Abstract:
Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor used for treating Alzheimer's disease patients, is thought to act by increasing brain extracellular acetylcholine (ACh), and ACh binding to cholinergic receptors. Muscarinic receptors are coupled to cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activation and arachidonic acid (AA) release from synaptic membrane phospholipid. This activation can be imaged in rodents as an AA incorporation coefficient k*, using quantitative autoradiography. Acute and chronic effects of donepezil on the AA signal, k* for AA, were measured in 81 brain regions of unanesthetized rats. Twenty min after a single oral dose (3.0 mg/kg) of donepezil, k* was increased significantly in 37 brain regions, whereas k* did not differ from control 7 h afterwards or following chronic (21 days) of donepezil. Pretreatment with atropine prevented the 20-min increments in k* following donepezil. Donepezil also increased the brain ACh concentration and reduced brain AChE activity, but did not change cPLA2 activity, regardless of administration regimen. These results show that donepezil acutely increases the brain AA signal that is mediated by ACh acting at muscarinic receptors, but that this signal is rapidly desensitized despite continued elevated brain ACh concentration. In contrast, the AA signal in response to arecoline was not altered following donepezil.
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC2790024
Sample Type: serum
Species: human
References: Al-Akwa, AA et al (2009). Free radicals are present in human serum of Catha edulis Forsk (Khat) abusers. J Ethnopharmacol. 125(3):471-3
Pubmed ID: 19619634
Pubmed link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=19619634
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) is a naturally occurring drug with an amphetamine-like structure and action. It has been postulated that amphetamine induces free radical formation. On this basis, we have hypothesized that Khat may promote synthesis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the same way that amphetamine promotes free radical production.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male subjects were enrolled in two groups: those with a chronic Khat chewing habit (n=20), and those without a chewing habit (controls; n=20). Both groups were matched with regard to age. Total antioxidant capacity and cholinesterase (AChE) activity were assayed.
RESULTS: This study showed that Khat consumption inhibited serum free radical scavenging enzymes, resulting in significant elevations in free radical loads (p=0.01; n=20). We also showed that serum acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) was significantly inhibited in the Khat chewing group (p=0.002; n=20).
CONCLUSION: These results show for the first time that Khat may contribute to high levels of free radicals. In addition, the presence of pesticides in Khat leaves is implicated in the inhibition of AChE activity.
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Sample Type: explanted atria
Species: dog
References: Ng, J et al (2011). Autonomic remodeling in the left atrium and pulmonary veins in heart failure: creation of a dynamic substrate for atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol.4(3):388-96
Pubmed ID: 21421805
Pubmed link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=21421805
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly associated with congestive heart failure (CHF). The autonomic nervous system is involved in the pathogenesis of both AF and CHF. We examined the role of autonomic remodeling in contributing to AF substrate in CHF.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Electrophysiological mapping was performed in the pulmonary veins and left atrium in 38 rapid ventricular-paced dogs (CHF group) and 39 control dogs under the following conditions: vagal stimulation, isoproterenol infusion, ?-adrenergic blockade, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (physostigmine), parasympathetic blockade, and double autonomic blockade. Explanted atria were examined for nerve density/distribution, muscarinic receptor and ?-adrenergic receptor densities, and AChE activity. In CHF dogs, there was an increase in nerve bundle size, parasympathetic fibers/bundle, and density of sympathetic fibrils and cardiac ganglia, all preferentially in the posterior left atrium/pulmonary veins. Sympathetic hyperinnervation was accompanied by increases in (1)-adrenergic receptor R density and in sympathetic effect on effective refractory periods and activation direction. ?-Adrenergic blockade slowed AF dominant frequency. Parasympathetic remodeling was more complex, resulting in increased AChE activity, unchanged muscarinic receptor density, unchanged parasympathetic effect on activation direction and decreased effect of vagal stimulation on effective refractory period (restored by AChE inhibition). Parasympathetic blockade markedly decreased AF duration.
CONCLUSIONS: In this heart failure model, autonomic and electrophysiological remodeling occurs, involving the posterior left atrium and pulmonary veins. Despite synaptic compensation, parasympathetic hyperinnervation contributes significantly to AF maintenance. Parasympathetic and/or sympathetic signaling may be possible therapeutic targets for AF in CHF.
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
More Enzyme Activity products:
Product | Description | Catalog # |
---|---|---|
For quantitative determination of acetylcholinesterase activity and evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. |
DACE-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity using stable 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate substrate. |
QFAP-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity using stable p-nitrophenol phosphate substrate. |
DALP-250 |
|
For quantitative determination of α-amylase activity. |
ECAM-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of α-amylase activity and evaluation of drug effects on its metabolism. |
DAMY-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of arginase activity and screen for its inhibitors. |
DARG-200 |
|
For quantitative determination of ATPase or GTPase activity and high-throughput screen for their inhibitors. |
DATG-200 |
|
For quantitative determination of the apoptosis target caspase-3 activity and HTS screen for apoptosis inducers and inhibitors. |
DCS3-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of catalase activity and evaluation of drug effects on catalase activity. |
ECAT-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of coenzyme A (CoA) and evaluation of drug effects on CoA metabolism. |
ECOA-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of creatine kinase activity and evaluation of drug effects on CK activity. |
ECPK-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of glucose oxidase activity and evaluation of drug effects on its metabolism. |
EGOX-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of α-glucosidase activity and evaluation of drug effects on its metabolism. |
DAGD-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of β-glucosidase activity and evaluation of drug effects on its metabolism. |
DBGD-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of glutathione peroxidase activity and evaluation of drug effects on GPX activity. |
EGPX-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of glyoxalase activity. Note: use a UV plate (e.g. 96-well UV plate, cat# P96UV). |
DGLO-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of ATPase, GTPase or any enzyme activity that liberated free phosphate and high-throughput screen for their inhibitors. |
DATG-200 |
|
For quantitative determination of invertase/sucrase activity. |
EIVT-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of lactate dehydrogenase LDH activity and screen/evaluation of LDH modulators. |
DLDH-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of lipase activity. |
DLPS-100 |
|
For rapid, quantitative determination of monoamine oxidase activity and MAO inhibitor screen. |
EMAO-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of neuraminidase activity and screen for neuraminidase inhibitor. |
ENEU-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of peroxidase activity. |
DPOD-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of phosphatase activity. |
POPN-01K |
|
For quantitative determination of phosphatase activity. |
POPN-500 |
|
Sodium Orthovanadate is a general inhibitor for protein phosphotyrosyl phosphatases. BioAssay Systems' vanadate reagent is activated for maximum inhibition. Uses: to preserve protein phosphorylation state in cells and lysates. Size: 1 mL 100 mM. Shelf life: 3 years. Shipping: RT. Storage: -20°. |
PHIVA-1mL |
|
For quantitative determination of phospholipase D activity and evaluation of drug effects on phospholipase D metabolism. |
EPPD-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of pyruvate kinase activity and evaluation of drug effects on PK activity. |
EPRK-100 |
|
For quantitative determination of urease activity and evaluation/screen for urease inhibitors. |
DURE-100 |
Even more: Enzychrom products
EnzyChrom Adipolysis Assay Kit
Quick Overview:
Quantitative assay of adipolysis by measuring glycerol released in cell culture using colorimetric (570nm) or fluorimetric (530nm/590nm) methods. Procedure: 20 min. Detection limit: 0.92 g/mL. Shelf life: 3 months. Shipping: on ice; storage: 4, -20C.
Description:
Obesity is a chronic condition that develops from storage of excessive energy in the form of adipose tissue. The resulting adiposity presents a high risk factor for diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. ADIPOLYSIS or lipolysis is a ighly regulated process in fat metabolism, in which triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and free fatty acids. Rapid, robust and accurate procedures for adipolysis quantification in cell culture are very useful in research and drug discovery. BioAssay Systems' dipolysis assay kit directly measures glycerol released during adipolysis. This homogeneous assay uses a single Working Reagent that combines glycerol kinase, glycerol phosphate oxidase and color reactions in one step. The color intensity of the reaction product t 570nm is directly proportional to glycerol concentration in the sample.
Applications:
- Direct Assays: adipolysis (glycerol in cell culture media).
- Drug Discovery/Pharmacology: effects of testing drugs on adipolysis.
Cat. No.: EAPL-200
Quantity / Size: 200 Tests
Kit Contents:
Assay Buffer: 24 mL Enzyme Mix: 500 μL ATP: 250 μL Dye Reagent: 220 μL Standard: 100 μL 100 mM Glycerol Storage conditions. The kit is shipped on ice. Store Assay Buffer at 4°C and other reagents at -20°C. Shelf life of 12 months after receipt. Precautions: eagents are for research use only. Normal precautions for laboratory reagents should be exercised while using the reagents. Please refer to Material Safety Data Sheet for detailed information.
Benefits:
- Assay kit that are simple, convenient and cost effective
- Superior in performance
- Researchers need little-to-notime for assay optimization
- Specialize for both routine laboratory tests and for high-throughput drug discovery applications
- with a focus on safe, non-radioactive assay
Key Features: Key features of our assays include simplicity, high-throughput, sensitivity, accuracy and low interference.
Storage Temp: -20°C
Shipping Conditions: Dry Ice