Microneedles is a medium for supply of influenza vaccine, which avoids the pain associated with conventional needles. They are only seven tenths of a millimeter, and the volume of vaccine - an essential factor in pain - is small.
Instead of liquid, whole killed or attenuated viruses, using dry vaccines virus-like particles (VLPs) that simply coating the needles in the presence of the basic stabilizer, eliminating the need for cooling - the possible handover for use in developing countries.The lower dose required when using microneedles also reduces the potential for side effects, such as lung inflammation.
"This method can induce higher levels of IgG2a antibody and quick recall to elicit an immune response to infection lethal. Our previous studies showed that the microneedle vaccination enhances antibody-producing cells in the spleen and bone marrow induced compared to intramuscular vaccination" says Sang Moo Kang Georgia State University, researcher of the study.
Previous studies by this group has shown that an influenza VLP-coated microneedles indeed produce higher short-term protection than traditional intramuscular immunization. In this study, researchers tested how effective long-term protection of the vaccine. Mice that received the vaccine were 100 percent protected against a lethal challenge with influenza virus 14 months after vaccination.
Kang says that his goal was to develop a simple and painless method of administration of vaccines. He also says that the patient would probably use this system to be vaccinated.

A natural reaction to the pandemic influenza virus - an ideal model, suitable for a universal flu vaccine. According to Live Science, researchers specifically examined the changes in the immune system caused by constant exposure to the virus of influenza. Analysis was applied to blood samples from 40 people 35-70 years of age.

People are faced with two strains of the pandemic virus (H2N2 - in 1957 and H1N1 - in 1977), had elevated levels of immune proteins - a broad spectrum neutralizing antibodies. These antibodies attack the part of the virus, called a "trunk". It differs only slightly depending on the strain. But the "head" of the virus changes frequently. If you find a way to increase the concentration of these antibodies, you get a new vaccine against influenza.

However, such antibodies do not normally produced in large quantities when in contact with the seasonal influenza. The body realizes that it is now important to produce antibodies that attack the "head" of the virus.

And only if the virus is very different from the previous ones by the structure of the "head" (it comes with a pandemic strain), the body begins to increase the concentration of neutralizing a broad spectrum of antibodies that work against the "trunk". The aim - to create a vaccine conditions similar to those that are added when pandemic influenza.

The highest concentration of neutralizing antibodies in humans was facing more than one pandemic. If a person is in contact with H2N2, and H1N1, the figures are higher by 3.8 times compared to a person, only bolevshim H1N1.

The level of antibodies targeted at the "head" of the virus, eventually grew - despite the fact that the contact with the pandemic virus was only once. From this, scientists have concluded that immunity to this strain of flu remains active for a long time. And in fact, the body is constantly enhances protection against strains with which the person met.

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Product	Order
INFLUENZA B VIRUS (Texas/6/11) Infectious Culture Fluid
INFLUENZA B VIRUS (Wisconsin/1/10) Infectious Culture Fluid
INFLUENZA A H3 VIRUS (Victoria/361/11) Infectious Culture Fluid
INFLUENZA B VIRUS (Massachusetts/2/12) Infectious Culture Fluid
INFLUENZA A H3 VIRUS (Texas/50/12) Infectious Culture Fluid
Influenza A H3 (Texas/50/12) Lysate

Millions of lives have been changed over the past fourthy years because of advances in medical technology. From stem-cell research to reengineering the way we take our daily medications, all these developments have brought health care into the 21st century. There has been a vast disconnect between these improvements and the manufacturing processes used to provide influenza vaccines to the public.

Shockingly, the method used to produce the influenza vaccine has not been significantly transformed since 1931, when vaccines used for preventive care were first introduced to the public.

Influenza causes between 3,000 and 48,000 deaths and 190,000 hospitalizations in any given season, so it is critical to utilize the most effective production methods to create influenza vaccines to protect our communities. Until recently, all influenza vaccines available in the U.S. were produced by growing and harvesting the virus in chicken eggs. During the time this method has been successful, millions of eggs are needed to produce enough vaccine for our communities each year, requiring production to begin many months in advance. Once the virus strains are selected for the upcoming influenza season by the WHO (World Health Organization), and companies begin manufacturing the vaccine, it can take anywhere between 6 and 9 months to make the vaccine available to physicians or pharmacists.

The egg-based manufacturing process has been working for us to date; however, there is a new process that raises the bar in influenza vaccine manufacturing, is less time-consuming and brings the manufacturing process into the digital age.

Cell-culture technology is the latest production technique for influenza vaccine manufacturing, which involves growing the virus in cells from mammals, rather than chicken eggs. This method offers advantages over the conventional egg-based process:

• Since no eggs need to be collected, vaccines can be produced and available to the public quicker, which is critical in case of a flu pandemic.

• The process does not use any preservatives or antibiotics during production.

Cell-culture technology has been successfully used to manufacture many other vaccines, including those distributed during the H1N1 pandemic, as well as vaccines for polio, rubella and hepatitis A. This technology also has been tried and tested in other countries, which have already approved and use cell-based influenza vaccines abroad. Recently, the FDA gave its stamp of approval to use the technology in influenza vaccines available in the U.S., with an approval of a cell-based seasonal influenza vaccine.

It is important that such a fundamental vaccine that every American ages 6 months and older is advised to receive each year is available using the most cutting-edge technology. I am excited to see how this major advancement will help start a new chapter in the evolution of influenza prevention.