Studies of "drug" are still in a very early stage and tests are performed only on mice.

Soon fans will be able to cup sober just one pill. Researchers made ​​a cocktail of alcohol metabolizing enzymes rapidly reduce the level of alcohol in the blood while drunk mouse forward "Daily Mail". 

"Treatment", which compares with having millions of liver cells in your stomach, you may have a lasting impact on fans of spirits. Yangfeng Lou - professor of chemistry and biomolecular engineering, and Cheng Zhi - Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Southern California, injected mice with drunk nanocapsule containing two enzymes. One of the enzymes - oxidase comes as a by-product of hydrogen peroxide, which can be harmful. That's why he has to work with another enzyme to break down hydrogen peroxide. The study shows that drunken mice that were injected with these nanocapsule, sobered much faster than those who did not receive enzyme "treatment". The breakthrough is still in a very early stage and can not speak for its application in humans.

But expert Lou argues that experience can lead to the invention of a new drug to act as an antidote to alcohol. He states that "drug" can be taken as a simple pill. "It's like you have millions of liver cells in your stomach that help you revise alcohol," said Professor Lu.

According to a report published in the Annals of Oncology, women with Herr-2 positive breast cancer who received trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy are at significantly increased risk of metastases in the central nervous system as a first recurrence of the tumor.

According to Dr. Erin Olson, a neurologist at Ohio State University and author of the study, trastuzumab significantly reduced the risk of recurrence, but clinicians should be aware that it increases the risk of them occur in the nervous system. Physicians should carefully monitor patients for neurologic symptoms.

It is suggested that the nervous system is the "refuge" for micro metastatic tumors because trastuzumab does not cross the blood-brain barrier or because tumor cells that do not overexpress Herr-2 receptor migrate more easily into the brain.

In previous studies, Dr. Olson and her team showed that anti Herr-2 targeted therapies increase the frequency of brain metastases. This spurred her to investigate the relationship between brain metastases and trastuzumab. The team analyzed four Phase III clinical trials with a total of 9,020 participants.

Since 4921 women receiving trastuzumab, 125 relapse in the breast (incidence of 2.56%). Of 4099 women who received trastuzumab, 78 relapse of the tumor in the brain (1.94%). In patients treated with trastuzumab treatment brain metastases / total metastases is 16.94 / 100, while those treated with other adjuvant is 8.33 / 100.

Recent studies have revealed the existence of at least four structurally distinct types of collagen (see reviews by Gross, 1974; Gallop & Paz, 1975). Type I tropocollagen, consisting oftwo identical al(I) chains and one a2 chain, is the predominant form in bone, dentin, tendon and adult dermis, whereas type II, composed of three al(II) chains, is found in cartilage and intervertebral disc. Type III, made of three al(III) chains, is present in dermis, blood vessels and synovium, and type IV, the basement-membrane collagen, contains three al(IV) chains. It is apparent from the distribution of these collagens that some tissues contain more than one type of collagen (Bradley et al., 1974; Epstein, 1974; Seyer et al., 1974a,b; Trelstad, 1974; Eyre & Muir, 1975b,c). This heterogeneity, together with variations in the post-translational modifications of the collagen molecule and the insolubility of the collagen fibres (Henneman, 1972), complicates the study of the primary structure of tissue collagen. With a view to facilitating the study of human genetic connective-tissue diseases with suspected primary-structure anomalies of collagen (McKusick, 1972), we have developed a technique of analysing the primary structure of collagen by using highpressure liquid-chromatographic separation of the peptides released from collagen by clostridial collagenase. We describe the specific 'fingerprints' obtained by high-pressure liquid chromatography of the peptides released from human type I, II and III collagen by clostridiopeptidase A. We also show that this technique is suitable for the analysis ofminute amounts of collagen.

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Dr. Svetla Bogdanova, a specialist neurologist. He graduated in medicine in 1985 at the Medical University of Pleven, Bulgaria. In 1990 acquired specialty of neurology at the Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.

Passed courses and specializations in "Thermal burns" to MHATEM "Pirogov", "General EEG" at the Medical University - Sofia neurophysiology, "Doppler Neurosonology" at the Medical University - Sofia "Health Management" at the Medical University - Plovdiv. She has worked as head of the Regional Coordination Headquarters - Center for Emergency Medical Care, Sofia. He is currently a neurologist at Military Medical Academy and Medical Manager of Tissue stem cell bank "Biohelenika."

Really stem cells gives rise to the human body?

For the last 4-5 years in many international forums symposia and publications advocates topic of stem cells. Detailing their meaning and application. Each organ is composed of cells, such as liver is composed of hepatocytes, neurons of the brain, bone osteocytes, blood leukocytes and erythrocytes from lung pulmotsin etc. All these cells are highly specialized and differentiated function they perform. Stem cells are precisely those that develop in the earliest stages of embryonic development and have assigned a function to be performed. This is what is valuable. They have the original genetic material of an individual, not differentiated, ie the future is ahead of them and can be converted (transformed) into specialized cells of various organs. The most important thing about stem cells is that they are born the youngest cells, unaffected by external factors and aging. This is unique.

Is proven and diseases which are used?

Bone marrow transplantation was first performed in 1968 Bone marrow cells are used to treat patients diagnosed with leukemia, aplastic anemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, immune disorders, cancer. We know how is hard to find a suitable donor, how long to wait and how costly it. The decision to proceed with private banking (storage) of stem cells, so is the business organization and authorization of Biohelenika - stem cell bank, of which I am medical director. Modern medicine has come to the conclusion that everyone is good to have available their own stem cells.

Since 1988, stem cells from umbilical cord was successfully applied to replace the bone marrow. Stem cell transplants allow treatment of many serious diseases. This type of therapy have proven their undeniable advantage in the treatment of blood cancers - leukemia and lymphoma, is increasing. 107.3 to 100 thousand in 2005

We want it or not, teeth wear out with age comes a time when you need to replace them with artificial ones. But now there may be an alternative to artificial prostheses - and it is real teeth, "grown" in a lab and created by human cells wreath.
 
Studies were conducted with mouse stem cells are derived from embryos and specially selected so as to be able to produce growth in other cells to grow out of their teeth. So the combination of murine stem cells and human gingival cells in the laboratory has produced a real tooth - shaped with enamel and roots. The roots were fully alive, suggesting that transplanted into human mouth, most likely belonged to the bone.
 
The results of this discovery may mean turning point in the treatment of periodontal disease and produce new teeth in people who for some reason have lost their. Of course, the stem cells in the formation of teeth, suitable for implantation in humans must be human rather than mouse and extracting stem cells from human embryos for scientific purposes is not perceived as ethical. Scientists argue that stem cells can be easily extracted from the pulp of human wisdom as to produce the same effect.

A research team led by the Canadian Museum of Nature has identified the first evidence for an extinct giant camel in Canada's High Arctic. The discovery is based on 30 fossil fragments of a leg bone found on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut and represents the most northerly record for early camels, whose ancestors are known to have originated in North America some 45 million years ago.

The fossils were collected over three summer field seasons (2006, 2008 and 2010) and are about three-and-a-half million years old, dating from the mid-Pliocene Epoch. Other fossil finds at the site suggest this High Arctic camel lived in a boreal-type forest environment, during a global warm phase on the planet.

The research by Dr. Natalia Rybczynski and co-authors including Dr. John Gosse at Dalhousie University, Halifax and Dr. Mike Buckley at the University of Manchester, England is described in the March 5, 2013 edition of the online journal Nature Communications.

"This is an important discovery because it provides the first evidence of camels living in the High Arctic region," explains Rybczynski, a vertebrate paleontologist with the Canadian Museum of Nature, who has led numerous field expeditions in Canada's Arctic. "It extends the previous range of camels in North America northward by about 1,200 km, and suggests that the lineage that gave rise to modern camels may been originally adapted to living in an Arctic forest environment."

The camel bones were collected from a steep slope at the Fyles Leaf Bed site, a sandy deposit near Strathcona Fiord on Ellesmere Island. Fossils of leaves, wood and other plant material have been found at this site, but the camel is the first mammal recovered. A nearby fossil-rich locality at Strathcona Fiord, known as the Beaver Pond site, has previously yielded fossils of other mammals from the same time period, including a badger, deerlet, beaver and three-toed horse.

Determining that the bones were from a camel was a challenge. "The first time I picked up a piece, I thought that it might be wood. It was only back at the field camp that I was able to ascertain it was not only bone, but also from a fossil mammal larger than anything we had seen so far from the deposits," explains Rybczynski, relating the moment that she and her team had discovered something unusual.

Some important physical characteristics suggested the fossil fragments were part of a large tibia, the main lower-leg bone in mammals, and that they belonged to the group of cloven-hoofed animals known as arteriodactyls, which includes cows, pigs and camels. Digital files of each of the 30 bone fragments were produced using a 3D laser scanner, allowing for the pieces to be assembled and aligned. The size of the reconstituted leg bone suggested it was from a very large mammal. At the time in North America, the largest arteriodactyls were camels.

Full confirmation that the bones belonged to a camel came from a new technique called "collagen fingerprinting" pioneered by Dr. Mike Buckley at the University of Manchester in England. Profiles produced by this technique can be used to distinguish between groups of mammals.

Minute amounts of collagen, the dominant protein found in bone, were extracted from the fossils. Using chemical markers for the peptides that make up the collagen, a collagen profile for the fossil bones was developed. This profile was compared with those of 37 modern mammal species, as well as that of a fossil camel found in the Yukon, which is also in the Canadian Museum of Nature's collections.

The collagen profile for the High Arctic camel most closely matched those of modern camels, specifically dromedaries (camels with one hump) as well as the Yukon giant camel, which is thought to be Paracamelus, the ancestor of modern camels. The collagen information, combined with the anatomical data, allowed Rybczynski and her colleagues to conclude that the Ellesmere bones belong to a camel, and is likely the same lineage as Paracamelus.

"We now have a new fossil record to better understand camel evolution, since our research shows that the Paracameluslineage inhabitated northern North America for millions of years, and the simplest explanation for this pattern would be that Paracamelus originated there," explains Rybczynski. "So perhaps some specializations seen in modern camels, such as their wide flat feet, large eyes and humps for fat may be adaptations derived from living in a polar environment."

The scientific paper also reports for the first time an accurate age of both the Fyles Leaf Bed site and the Beaver Pond site -- at least 3.4 million years old. This was determined by Dr. John Gosse at Dalhousie University using a sophisticated technique that involves dating the sands found associated with the bone. The date is significant because it corresponds to a time period when Earth was 2ºC à 3ºC warmer than today, and the Arctic was 14ºC à 22ºC warmer. The bones of the High Arctic camel are housed in the Canadian Museum of Nature's research and collections facility in Gatineau, Quebec on behalf of the Government of Nunavut.

Nanoparticles carrying substance in bee venom can successfully stop the spread of HIV

Chemicals found in bee venom can stop the spread of HIV.

U.S. researchers found that nanoparticles carrying substance in bee venom can successfully stop the spread of HIV, which causes AIDS, said the "Daily Mail".

Toxins from the sting of these insects attack only successful virulent organisms, leaving surrounding cells intact.

The active substance in bee venom, destroying the human immunodeficiency virus, called melitin. It pierced the outer protective shell of the virus and kill it.

The study was led by Dr. Joshua Hood the medicine at Washington University.

He directed the team's efforts in the development of vaginal gel nanoparticles to eliminate the infection still in its infancy.

Until now most familiar to medical drugs only slow the progress of the virus, while the venom he successfully attacked and eradicated.

Even more significantly, in the words of Dr. Hood, HIV can not adapt and counter melitina.

"Our hope is that in places where HIV is widespread, people can use the gel as a precaution to prevent any infection," said study authors.

We provide high quality Retrovirus packing services.

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• Depending on level of titer requested, please provide 10-40 μg of endotoxin-free lentivector or retrovector plasmid DNA
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• Vector must be able to produce virus (no internal poly A signal, no toxic genes, no unusual 2nd structure, or 5' to 3' LTR size over 8kb.)

Targatt provides high quality and high titer 10-day Lentivirus packing services.

Lentiviral / retroviral vectors are one of the most efficient methods of gene delivery to mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo. Through years of experience with lentiviral and retroviral vectors, Targatt has developed own proprietary packaging systems and efficient protocols for the rapid generation of pseudoviral particles.

1. offers express lentiviral/retrovirus packaging service to produce high-quality, high-titer virus particles using your viral construct with turnaround time of 10 days. Save your time and receive ready-to-transduce viral particles.

• Production of virus in a state-of-the art BSL-2 facility with robust quality control in accordance with NIH Biosafety Level 2 criteria
• Flexibility of virus production scales to meet your research needs
• Accurate Virus titers as determined by qPCR to measure infectious units per ml ( ifus/ml)

• Depending on level of titer requested, please provide 10-40 μg of endotoxin-free lentivector or retrovector plasmid DNA
• All custom virus production services should come with information on the plasmids which have to be packaged.
• Vector must be able to produce virus (no internal poly A signal, no toxic genes, no unusual 2nd structure, or 5' to 3' LTR size over 8kb.)

With decades of experience our Molecular Biology Team has developed an exceptional expertise in anything DNA-related. We  can help you develop the best strategy to tackle your cloning projects and find solutions to all your technical problems. 

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A typical cloning procedure includes:

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